Implementation of Wide Area Multilateration Using a 1090 MHz ADS-B Signal

摘要

The automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) and MLATtechnology comprise the current and planned infrastructure of the NextGeneration Air Transportation System (NextGen), respectively. MLAT canbe combined with the ADS-B system as an alternate positioning navigationand timing (APNT) system based on the mature multilateration (MLAT)technology, namely, time difference of arrival (TDOA), which is utilized inwide-area multilateration (WAM) and determined using the ADS-B Mode SES signal at a frequency of 1090 MHz. However, the position accuracy ofTDOA-based WAM is affected by the geometry of the ground stations andobserved measurement errors. The former requires the horizontal dilution ofprecision (HDOP) to be less than or equal to 2.828 in terms of aviationnavigation and surveillance, which limits ground station positioning in islandcountries with limited real estate. To achieve adequate positioning accuracy,a suitable position algorithm based on adequate system geometry andmeasurement for a WAM testbed is presented and investigated. Importantly,this paper demonstrates that the established WAM positioning testbed and theobtained positioning performance using actual flight data meet theperformance requirements of navigation services in terms of adequatemeasurement and coverage volume.