Optimal pricing policy for a deteriorating product by dynamic tracking control

摘要

We study the optimal selling price of a deteriorating product under a deterministic situation in a finite time horizon where the time horizon is either known or unknown. Inventory holding cost is expressed as a quadratic function of the current inventory level. Given a known time horizon, we develop a model by considering the deterioration dynamics of the product, and show its equivalence to a generalised optimal control problem of a linear quadratic form, i.e. an optimal dynamic tracking problem with constraints on the control variable. An optimal pricing policy is derived based on the maximum value principle. The control policy takes a state feedback form; it exhibits a closed-loop relationship between the optimal selling price (control variable) and the optimal inventory level (state variable). Given an unknown time horizon, an optimal pricing policy is derived through a similar approach when the initial inventory level meets certain conditions. Numerical situations are conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of the derived price control policies. Some interesting managerial insights are discussed.