PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABILITY IN SLOVENIAN TOWNS

摘要

During the last decades Slovenia has gone through extensive restructuring and adaptation to the democratic system and the market economy. Political and economical transformations demand a changed attitude to further urbanization and spatial planning policy. The extensive development of housing construction in Slovenia from sixties to nineties resulted in two directions. On one hand there was the mass construction of large apartment block complexes in the suburbs of cities. Many high-rise buildings were too densely built-up, some of them of poor quality. As an opposite to collective construction, scattered settlements with single- family houses have appeared in the wider city areas. The great expansiveness of suburban sprawl is one of the main problems of the suburbanization of numerous Slovene cities. Such type of housing means the wasteful use of land and has frequently insufficient communal infrastructure. These districts are often mono-functional, monotonous and generate a large volume of transport, especially by car. They need urban restructuring and renewal. Today's urban structure is shaped by economic and social forces, but more than ever by the new communication and information technology, by the transportation systems we use and of course by our changeable lifestyle. In our study projects the criteria for the new sustainable communities have been developed with consideration of socio-economic, environmental and cultural issues. After the consideration of the variety criteria in the evaluation of potential urban models for renewal of suburbanized areas we chose the model of decentralized concentration of settlement. We will present such model for two regions: the central Slovenian region of Ljubljana (our capital) and for urban region of Koper, our "gateway city" situated at the Adriatic coast. The principal aim was "sustainable" redesign of urban development in connection with the public transport system planned for these two regions.