Cognitive biometrics: a novel approach to person authentication

摘要

Cognitive biometrics is a novel approach to user authentication and/or identification that utilises the response(s) of nervous tissue. The approach relies on the presentation of one or more stimuli, and the subsequent response(s) are acquired and used for authentication - a typical stimulus-response paradigm. The stimulus could be the presentation of a familiar photograph, a song, or a Rorschach ink blot, either individually or in various combinations. The stimulus is designed to induce a specific and reproducible change(s) in the (or a set of) state(s) of the individual. These reproducible changes can be recorded by a variety of methods - which currently include the electroencephalogram (EEG), the electrocardiogram (ECG), the electrodermal response (EDR), blood pulse volume (BVP), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), electromyogram (EMG), eye trackers (pupilometry), hemoencephalography (HEG), and related technologies.