Peer-to-Peer Energy Sharing in Distribution Networks With Multiple Sharing Regions

摘要

Peer-to-peer energy sharing in the distribution networks (DN) is an emerging issue with the large-scale development of photovoltaic (PV) prosumers. The DN can be classified into energy-shared regions (ESR) to enable the zonal energy trading. A Stackelberg-game-based energy-sharing framework is recommended for DN with multi-ESR, where the energy-sharing provider (ESP) works as a leader with dynamic pricing for multi-ESR, whereas PV prosumers serve as followers with the demand response's (DR) ability to choose an ESR to link and modify their flexible loads. A profit maximization model, along with multi-ESR pricing and a network usage fee, is designed for the ESP operation in this article. This involves a utility model with DR strategies, including ESR selection and load adjustment, which is proposed for the prosumers. Moreover, the presence and uniqueness of the Stackelberg equilibrium are being provided. Finally, through the use of a real system, the simulation results show that the ESP profit and prosumers can be increased whereas the impact of PV uncertainty and variability on the utility grid is reduced.