Indicators and Metrics of Emerging Country-Level STEM Innovation

摘要

A variety of signals, metrics, and data may be pertinent to identifying country-level partners in science and technology innovation, and especially newcomers, within a given technology area. Identifying and determining which metrics can be reliably used is necessary to inform policy. There are extant metrics that could be used to predict innovation; however, a certain level of reliability is required for data to be useful. Data collection must consider the reliability and viability of the data in addition to its relevance in predictive modeling for innovation.