The nutrient enrichment of Lake Victoria (Kenyan waters)

摘要

Lake Victoria is an international freshwater resource of great ecological and economic importance. Large changes that have occurred recently in the environment and the ecology of the lake are associated with natural processes as well as anthropogenic activities in the catchment's area and the Lake itself. Data collected in the Kenyan waters of the Lake in June 1998 indicate that nutrient concentrations and algal biomass are higher than previously reported and that Secchi transparency has decreased. These are evidence of increasing nutrient enrichment and general decline in water quality. Increased algal blooms, depletions of dissolved oxygen, frequent large-scale mortalities of fish, decline of endemic fish species, predominance in the fishery by introduced species, changes in other biotic species composition, proliferation of the water hyacinth and increasing human health risks also manifest the ecological degradation of the Lake. Long-term conservation efforts for rehabilitation and sustainable management of the Lake are suggested.