首页> 外文期刊>Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution >Semitic-language records of snake melons (Cucumis melo, Cucurbitaceae) in the medieval period and the “piqqus” of the “faqqous”
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Semitic-language records of snake melons (Cucumis melo, Cucurbitaceae) in the medieval period and the “piqqus” of the “faqqous”

机译:中世纪时期的蛇瓜(Cucumis melo,葫芦科)的符号语言记录和“ faqqous”的“ piqqus”

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摘要

The snake melon, Cucumis melo subsp. melo Flexuosus Group, is a cucurbit crop that was grown and esteemed in Mediterranean lands in antiquity and classical times. Images of snake melons appear in ancient Egyptian wall paintings and sculptures and in mosaics from the Roman Empire. The sikyos of Greek, the cucumis of Latin, and the qishu’im of Hebrew, thought by many to be cucumbers, Cucumis sativus, have now been identified as snake melons. Less iconographic and written evidence exists concerning the appreciation of snake melons during the medieval period. The present work focuses on some philologically based evidence of the importance of snake melons leading into and including the medieval period, with two specific objectives. One was to trace the records of the Hebrew epithet piqqus, which applied to removal of the hairs of young cucurbit fruits, and the Arabic epithet faqqous, used historically and to the present day to designate snake melons. Another objective was to re-affirm how piqqus was actually conducted, as mandated in the second-century code of Jewish Oral Law known as the Mishna. Various conjugational forms of the Hebrew word piqqus were found in writings dating from 200 CE to approximately 600 CE. Evidence is presented that further establishes the exact meaning of piqqus as the rubbing off of the hairs of young cucurbit fruits. The Arabic word faqqous was found in writings dating from the beginning of the tenth century and through to the end of the medieval period in the fifteenth century, the writers hailing from Andalusia in the west to Iraq in the east. These writings suggest that the snake melon was a familiar vegetable across a wide geographic belt throughout the medieval period.
机译:蛇瓜,黄瓜瓜亚种。 melo Flexuosus集团是葫芦科作物,在古代和古典时期就在地中海土地上种植和受人尊敬。蛇瓜的图像出现在古埃及的壁画和雕塑以及罗马帝国的马赛克中。希腊人的sikyo,拉丁人的cucumis和希伯来语的qishu’im,被许多人认为是黄瓜Cucumis sativus,现已被确认为蛇瓜。在中世纪时期,关于蛇瓜的鉴赏的图像和文字证据较少。目前的工作集中在一些基于语言学的证据上,它证明了进入和包括中世纪的蛇瓜的重要性,并有两个具体目标。其中之一是追溯希伯来语上的piqqus记录,该记录用于去除年轻葫芦果实的毛发,而阿拉伯语上的faqqous则在历史上一直沿用至今,一直被用来指蛇瓜。另一个目标是按照第二世纪犹太口头法典(称为Mishna)的规定,再次确认piqqu是如何进行的。希伯来语单词piqqus的各种缀合形式出现在从200 CE到大约600 CE的著作中。提出的证据进一步确立了piqqus的确切含义,即擦掉年轻葫芦果实的毛发。阿拉伯语faqqous出现在从10世纪初一直到15世纪中世纪末期的著作中,作家从西方的安达卢西亚到东方的伊拉克。这些著作表明,在整个中世纪时期,蛇瓜在广泛的地理区域都是一种熟悉的蔬菜。

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