ANTIFEEDANT, GROWTH AND TOXIC EFFECTS OF SOME PLANT EXTRACTS ON Leptinotarsa decemlineata (SAY.) (COLEOPTERA, CHRYSOMELIDAE)

摘要

In this study, the antifeedant, growth and toxicity effects of some plant extracts derived from Liguidamber ori-entalis Mill. (Hamamelidaceae), Ocimum basilicum L. (La-miaceae), Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae), Ta-nacetum vulgare L. (Asteraceae), Origanum vulgare L. (Lamiaceae), Sambucus nigra L. (Caprifoliaceae), Alnus glutinosa L. (Betulaceae), Arum italicum Mill. (Araceae), Artemisia absinthium L. (Asteraceae), Achillea coarctata L. (Asteraceae), Erica arborea L. (Ericaceae), Rhus coriaria L. (Anacardiaceae), Buxus sempervirens L. (Buxaceae), Co-litea aborescens Strauch. (Fabaceae) and Aesculus hippo-castanum L. (Hippocastanaceae) are reported. In the tests, carried out with the larvae (1.-4. instar) and adults of Leptinotarsa decemlineata, extracts from A. hippocastanum, T. vulgare and A. absinthium showed a high toxicity rate in 48 hours, and LC_(50)'s of 33.3, 33.3 and 26.6%, respectively. No mortality was determined in control groups. Alcohol extracts from B. sempervirens and A. absinthium showed a high antifeedant activity rate (92.77 and 88.23%) on the larvae (instar 1) of L. decemlineata, whereas that of R. coriaria showed high antifeedant activity /77.77%) on the larvae (instar 4) of L. decemlineata. L. orientalis and B. sempervirens showed 77.77 and 60%, respectively, on the adults of L. decemlineata. B. sempervirens, L. orientalis, A. absinthium and R. coriaria extracts caused body weight decreases per mg of larvae's food consumption (instar 1), and the highest values were -12.9, -12, -11.7 and -9.4 mg, respectively. The same effects had C. aborescens and B. sempervirens extracts causing upto -21.3 and -17.5 mg decreases per mg of larvae's food consumption (instar 4), whereas alcohol extracts from O.basillicum caused 12.30 mg body weight increase per mg of larvae's (instar 4) food consumption. The highest consumption (371, 349 mg) was observed with alcoholic extract from C. aborescens, but the minimum with that from B. sempervirens. All other tested extracts and control combinations in this study showed almost similar activities. The highest rates of egg decays were caused by the alcohol extracts from C. aborescens, R. coriaria and L. orientalis.