Municipal Solid Waste And Wastewater Managementin Turkey：a Case Study Of Waste Management strategies In The Eastern Black Sea Region

摘要

Open dumping is the most preferred disposal method in Turkey.The yearly disposed municipal solid waste was 24.24 million tons and discharged wastewater was 2770 million m~3 in 2004 as reported.More than 50 percent of solid waste is disposed to the open dumps, land, sea and the rivers.Due to these solid waste and wastewater management strategies, Turkey has faced serious environmental and administrative challenges in recent years.In the Eastern Black Sea Coast, about 400 tons solid waste is disposed and 330 000 m~3 wastewater is discharged in a day.In spite of the direct waste disposal and wastewater discharge into the sea, environmental pollution originated from open dumping sites and uncontrolled wastewater discharges are regarded to be the major challenges in the future. In Turkey, solid waste management planning should be rearranged, legal and institutional reforms should be improved, and monitoring the application of action plans should be controlled.There is a need to modernize the solid waste management through the implementation of solid waste recycling and reuse programs.