Predicting creep crack initiation in austenitic and ferritic steels using the creep toughness parameter and time-dependent failure assessment diagram

摘要

Methods for evaluating the creep toughness parameter, K_c~(mat), are reviewed and K_c~(mat) data are determined for a ferritic P22 steel from creep crack growth tests on compact tension, C(T), specimens of homogenous parent material (PM) and heterogeneous specimen weldments at 565 ℃ and compared to similar tests on austenitic type 316H stainless steel at 550 ℃. Appropriate relations describing the time dependency of K_c~(mat) are determined accounting for data scatter. Considerable differences are observed in the form of the K_c~(mat) data and the time-dependent failure assessment diagrams (TDFADs) for both the 316H and P22 steel. The TDFAD for P22 shows a strong time dependency, but is insensitive to time for 316H. Creep crack initiation (CCI) time predictions are obtained using the TDFAD approach and compared to experimental results from C(T) specimens and feature components. The TDFAD based on parent material properties can be used to obtain conservative predictions of CCI on weldments. Conservative predictions are almost always obtained when lower bound K_c~(mat) values are employed. Long-term test are generally more relevant to industrial component lifetimes. The different trends between long- and short-term CCI time and growth data indicate that additional long-term test are required to further validate the procedure to predict the lifetimes of high temperature components.