EFFECTS AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATES IN AGRICULTURAL SOIL. 4. THE INFLUENCE OF SALT SPECIATION, SOIL TYPE, AND SEWAGE SLUDGE ON TOXICITY USING THE COLLEMBOLAN FOLSOMIA FIMETARIA AND THE EARTHWORM APORRECTODEA CALIGINOSA AS TE

摘要

Sewage, sludge applied to agricultural soils often contains linear alkylbenzene sulfonates(LAS)in the range of 1 to 10 g/kg dry weight, and their toxicity to relevant soil organisms should, therefore, be assessed to ensure safe use of sewage sludge as a fertilizer. Studies of LAS toxicity to soil organisms are few, and to our knowledge, factors that influence the toxicity in the field have not been studied in detail. In this paper, we report on the influence of speciation of LAS in the test solution added to soil(soluble Na-LAS vs poorly soluble Ca-LAS or Mg-LAS), the influence of soil type, and the modifying effects of sludge amendment on the toxicity of LAS.