Wastewater for Urban Agriculture: A Significant Factor in Dissemination of Antibiotic Resistance

摘要

It is estimated that antibiotic-resistant bacteria cause 23000 and 25 000 deaths in the United States and Europe, respectively; the situation is similar worldwide and even worse in low and middle income countries (LMICs) where a high infectious disease burden is coupled with rapid emergence and spread of microbial drug resistance. Populations from LMICs are facing an increasing rise in numbers of antibiotic-resistant bacteria; members of the Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonaceae are the most frequently isolated bacteria from clinical samples. Deaths from antibiotic-resistant bacteria are under-reported, but available data indicates that a large number of neonatal deaths due to drug-resistant sepsis occur every year in India, Pakistan, Nigeria, and in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Taking this into account, it is no surprise that globally by 2030 infectious diseases are predicted to be one of the most frequent causes of death.1