Nanocomposites (conducting polymer and nanoparticles) based electrochemical biosensor for the detection of environment pollutant: Its issues and challenges

摘要

Currently, there is an urgent need to develop an electro-analytical technique that can detect and monitor environmental pollutants in a sensitive, specific, and selective manner. Traditional environment pollutant detection techniques suffer from different drawbacks like calibration, sample preparation, blank determination, skilled operator, lengthy time-consuming procedure, costly and no universal approach. The objective of this review article is to provide details regarding the fabrication of conducing polymer-nanoparticles (nanocomposites) based electrochemical biosensors for continuous environmental monitoring. Emphasis has been placed on the principles, development, classification, and use of electrochemical biosensors comprising of nanocomposites of conducing polymer (CP) and metal oxide nanoparticles for the estimation of environmental pollutants present in the air, water, food, and soil.