Biomass energy consumption, economic growth and carbon emissions: Fresh evidence from West Africa using a simultaneous equation model

摘要

This study investigated the relationship among biomass energy consumption, economic growth and carbon emissions in West Africa during 1980-2010. This nexus was explored by integrating the pollution production function and energy demand function with an augmented endogenous growth model. Moreover, this paper employed a simultaneous equation model estimated with three stage least squares (3SLS). Analysis was conducted for individual West African countries and panel of the countries.