Battery swap pricing and charging strategy for electric taxis in China

摘要

The energy-saving and emission-reduction performance of electric vehicle is closely related to its charging method and operation mode. In order to enhance the energy-saving and emission-reduction effect of electric vehicles, this paper develops a real-time battery swap pricing model for electric taxis in China from the perspective of system. The charging and swapping system covers various stakeholders who have significant impacts on battery swap pricing. So the proposed model includes five modules: power grid load monitoring, generator set dispatch, battery swapping station operation, electric taxi driver response and evaluation of all stakeholders' benefits. To reduce the carbon emissions of electric taxis' energy source and maximize the global benefits to all stakeholders, authors consider four battery swap pricing scenarios and two charging strategies for battery swapping station, and design a battery swap pricing mechanism in China according to the analysis results. The simulation results demonstrate that battery swap pricing based on a peak-valley time-of-use tariff with a decentralized charging strategy has the greatest energy efficiency and economic effects which can enhance 45371.15 kg carbon emissions reduction and 48220.86 yuan combine benefits to all stakeholders. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.