Methodology for multi-objective optimization of wind turbine/battery/ electrolyzer system for decentralized clean hydrogen production using an adapted power management strategy for low wind speed conditions

摘要

In this study, the utilization of renewable energy sources (RESs) like wind energy for clean hydrogen production via water electrolysis in small-scale decentralized plant is addressed. This paper proposes an approach for multiobjective optimization of wind-hydrogen production system (WHPS) while satisfying multiple technical constraints based on a dynamic power and hydrogen management strategy (PHMS). WHPS consists of wind turbines (WTs), water electrolyzer, battery bank, power converters and hydrogen tank. Multi-objective optimization consists of minimizing the total hydrogen deficit (THD), energy dump possibility (EDP), levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) as well as CO2 emission avoided (CO2EA) and natural gas preserved (NGP). Battery assistance for electrolyzer is enhanced through a dynamic PHMS adapted to low wind speed conditions. PHMS based multiobjective optimization algorithm is developed to find Pareto-optimal solutions. The optimization results reveal that the adequate design of PHMS plays a crucial role in minimizing THD, LCOH and EDP, while ignoring the EDP objective may reduce potentially LCOH. Under the selected base case conditions, small-scale hydrogen production via WHPS consisting of 250 kW alkaline-electrolyzer, 857.5 kW WTs, 719 kW h battery bank and 2022 kg hydrogen tank, for supplying hydrogen demand at full reliability (THD = 0%), results in LCOH of 33.70 $/kg, CO2EA of 87.75 ton/year, NGP of 28.96 ton/year and EDP of 9.96%.