ESD (ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE) is a major cause of electronic-device failure that can affect the functioning of an electronic device at any stage - from manufacturing, to testing, assembly, production, field operation, and handling of pc assemblies in the field. Experts estimate that international ESD in 1994 caused losses in the electronics industry exceeding USD90 billion (Reference 1). ESD occurs due to the accumulation of charges on a surface, for any reason, such as triboelectric charging, for example. However, rapid miniaturization in electronics has led to reduced device geometries, including layer thicknesses, and these higher density devices are more susceptible to damage from even low ESD.
展开▼
