Electrical engineers apply essential engineering concepts, such as impedance, all the time, whereas mechanical engineers most likely have not heard of it. No one, however, questions its utility in understanding and predicting how multidisciplinary systems perform when they interconnect. But what is impedance? Imagine connecting two simple, mechanical, first-order subsystems. The first system might represent a machine-tool slide that a motor is positioning by providing force f_il; the second system could be a velocity-measuring device you want to attach to the slide to measure its speed.
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