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Cascades of homoclinic orbits to a saddle-centre for reversible and perturbed Hamiltonian systems

机译:等速轨道到鞍形中心的级联,用于可逆和扰动的哈密顿系统

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The bifurcation of double-pulse homoclinic orbits under parameter perturbation is analyzed for reversible systems having a homoclinic solution that is biasymptotic to a saddle-center equilibrium. This is a non-hyperbolic equilibrium with two real and two purely imaginary eigenvalues. Reversibility enforces that small perturbations will not change this eigenvalue configuration. Using a Shil'nikov-type analysis, it is found that (generically) an infinite sequence of parameter values exists, on one side of that of the primary homoclinic, for which there are double-pulse homoclinic orbits. Mielke, Holmes and O'Reilly considered the same situation with the additional assumption of Hamiltonian structure. There, double pulses exist on either both or neither side, depending on a sign condition which also determines whether there can be any recurrent dynamics. It is shown how this sign condition occurs in the purely reversible case, via the breaking of a non-degeneracy assumption. Two possible two-parameter bifurcation diagrams are constructed under the addition of a perturbation that keeps reversibility but destroys Hamiltonian structure. The results can be stated rigorously only under a technical hypothesis on the validity of a normal form reduction. Even if this hypothesis fails to be strictly true, then the analysis is shown to be qualitatively and quantitatively correct by careful comparison with two numerical examples. The examples are also of interest in their own right; one of them a generalization of the classical Massive Thirring Model for optical spatial solutions in the presence of linear and nonlinear dispersion, the other is a perturbation to a continuum model of a discrete lattice. The computations agree perfectly with the theory including the prediction of different rates at which double pulses accumulate in the Hamiltonian and on-Hamiltonian cases.
机译:分析了参数扰动下双脉冲同宿轨道的分岔,以求出具有同宿解偏向鞍中心平衡的可逆系统的可逆系统。这是具有两个实数和两个纯虚数特征值的非双曲平衡。可逆性要求较小的扰动不会更改此特征值配置。使用Shil'nikov型分析,发现(通常)参数值的无限序列存在于主同质斜面的一侧,该参数值存在双脉冲同质斜面轨道。 Mielke,Holmes和O'Reilly在考虑了汉密尔顿结构的前提下也考虑了相同的情况。在那里,取决于符号条件,在两侧或两侧都存在双脉冲,这也决定了是否可能存在任何循环动态。通过打破非简并性假设,表明了这种符号条件在纯可逆情况下如何发生。在增加扰动的情况下构造了两个可能的两参数分叉图,该扰动可逆但可破坏哈密顿结构。仅在关于正常形式缩减的有效性的技术假设下才能严格说明结果。即使该假设不能严格成立,但通过与两个数值示例进行仔细比较,可以证明该分析在质量和数量上都是正确的。这些例子本身也很有趣。其中之一是对存在线性和非线性色散的光学空间解决方案的经典质量激励模型的推广,另一种是对离散晶格的连续模型的微扰。该计算与该理论完全吻合,包括预测在汉密尔顿和汉密尔顿情况下双脉冲累积的不同速率。

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