Architecture design of monitoring and controlling of IoT-based aquaponics system powered by solar energy

摘要

The demand for food is persistently increasing; the world is facing cannot be addressed with the land’s additional natural resources and exploitation. Currently, the agricultural industry is the world’s largest water user and consumes about 70% of the water in different processes. In this food and environmental crisis, the new methods for growing plants in the agricultural domain are various; one of these methods is aquaponics which is a sustainable agriculture system that combines two names: Aquaculture, which is the farming of fish and Hydroponic which is the cultivation of plants (Off-soil) using water enriched with mineral materials. Aquaponics comes as a solution to enhance farming and agriculture productivity. The attention towards the aquaponics system is increasing due to its high efficiency, availability, and fewer resources consumption. However, there is intensive automation, monitoring, and control requirement for a smart aquaponics system. To enhance the productivity of aquaponics, it is required to utilize IoT-based technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. The main aim of this paper at hand consists of proposing a new contribution based on the Internet of Things (IoT) solution that could control and monitor water quality and environmental parameters by using the maximum of sensors(water level, water temperature, electrical conductivity, CO2, Taux Ammonia Nitrogen(TAN), etc.), and actuators (water pump, etc.,) in aquaponics farming. This paper provides an innovative solution based on an interoperable, secure, scalable, low-cost, fully self-powered, flexible, reliable and generic IoT architecture that meets the requirements of aquaponics.