Environmental problems of using digital and information technologies in automobile transport

摘要

The use of digital and information technologies in automobile transport leads to the transformation and expansion of the environmental research problem field, because of the need to ensure sustainable development and to improve people’s quality of life. It is necessary to learn how to manage the mobility (transport demand and transport behavior) of each resident in real time, offering him a choice of a limited set of transport behavior stereotypes. These stereotypes shall be based on the technologically sound code of ethics according to the need of ensuring the transport system environmental sustainability. The formation of a unified digital information environment for transport activities will allow the use of virtual and augmented reality technologies to manage population mobility by developing: systems for monitoring the impact of transport facilities on the natural and social environment; platform solutions of digital twins of roadside ecosystems, means of environmental engineering protection for use in digital models of road facilities, intelligent transport systems of traffic management; symbiotic man-machine management systems of transportation facilities. In case of the successful implementation of symbiotic man-machine management systems in the future transport facilities there are two ways for the motor-vehicle industry: either to create fully autonomous commercial transport, or to focus on symbiotic man-machine management systems of transportation facilities, which make the most of the driver's intellectual potential in decision-making. In our opinion, the second way is preferable in terms of safety, human movement comfort, habitat’s quality of public transport. The first way seems to be more efficient and safer for freight transport.