Implementation of the cascade waste use principle by application of sewage sludge on lands disturbed by mining operations

摘要

Object of research - disturbed lands of Ingulets Iron Ore dressing Work (Ingulets GZK) The purpose of work - development and substantiation of technology of realization of principles of cascade waste use. Research methods – field experiment, comparative analysis, systems analysis. As part of the implementation of the cascade waste use principle, the results of research on the impact of the application of sewage sludge on formation of protosoils on the rocks of Ingulets GZK dumps are presented. The application of sewage sludge significantly increases the absorption capacity of overburden. A secondary soil absorbing complex is formed, which is able to accumulate and retain mineral nutrients of plants, especially calcium and magnesium cations. In the conditions of field research the influence of treatment of rocks with organic matter of sewage with introduction of seeds of perspective species was studied. Comparative analysis of vegetation shows a positive effect of the treatment of overburden with organic matter on productivity and morphometric performance of trees and shrubs. A comparison of the average condition of plant objects after treatment with organic matter and control studies shows the following: the vitality of herbaceous and tree species increases; the total projective cover and average height of plants increases; biodiversity.