The Impact of the Industrialization and Urbanization on the Quantity and Diversity of Amphorae in the Museums: The Case of ?zmit Gulf

摘要

This article examines assemblage of amphorae kept at the Kocaeli Archaeology Museum, in the light of their findspots in order the establish the external relations of the Gulf of 陌zmit. The statistical analysis of amphorae from the Kocaeli Museum shows that 17% of the amphorae were found in 陌zmit, % 29 from South of the Gulf of 陌zmit and the shores of Helenopolis, 54 % from the western Black Sea Sections (Kefken- Kerpe). No amphorae were retrieved from the shoves in this area for the construction of D100 highway. This means that harbors of the city Nicomedia were also lost during these filling activities. Old photographs related to Pertev Pa艧a Mosque confirm this. This may explain the lack of shipwrecks and amphorae on the shores of Nicomedia. Rich assemblage of amphorae retrieved from the shoresof Helenopolis clearly shows that such may have also been the casefor NicomediaThe high ratio of amphorae at Kocaeli Archaeology Museum originating at Black Sea region resulted from modern fishing. In this context, this presentation evaluates the impact of pollution and urbanization on the number and diversity of amphorae found at the museums, such as the Kocaeli Archaeology Museum.