With GPS-enabled devices and data connectivity now ubiquitous, Location Based Services (LBSs) have seemingly penetrated all aspects of our lives. While profoundly valuable, these services expose the user to a litany of privacy and security issues. LBS users must reveal their location, and at times other sensitive personal information, in order to effectively use the service and receive accurate results. This paper presents a survey of the current trends of privacy techniques employed in protecting the location privacy of users in LBSs. The paper further highlights the efficacy, or otherwise, of each technique discussed in this paper, with each technique having been evaluated based on accuracy, quality, efficiency, flexibility, location privacy, and query privacy. The outcome of this study is a taxonomy of current privacy and security techniques, which will assist researchers and developers as they look to further protect the sensitive information of their customer base.
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