Due to their extensive use, petroleum hydrocarbons are among themost common groundwater contaminants. Compared to the traditional methodsof physical pumping of contamination from the aquifer and subsequent treatment (i.e., pump and treat), bioremediation is an economically cost-effectivetechnology. The aim of this remediation approach is to transform biologicallycontaminants, most often by microbiological activity, into non-toxic compounds. More precisely, it is an active remediation process that involves biostimulation (increase of aquifer oxygenation, addition of nutrients) and/or bioaugmentation (injection of a concentrated and specialized population of microorganisms). Using both biostimulation and bioaugmentation, enhanced in situgroundwater bioremediation was applied at a hydrocarbon-contaminated site inBelgrade. The bioremediation treatment, applied over twelve months, washighly efficient in reducing the concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbon(TPH) to acceptable levels. The concentration of TPH in the piezometer P-5was reduced by 98.55 %, in the piezometer P-6 by 98.30 % and in the piezometer P-7 by 98.09 %. These results provided strong evidence on the potentialof this remediation approach to overcome site-limiting factors and enhancemicrobiological activity in order to reduce groundwater contamination.
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