Compression syndromes affecting the common fibular nerve are common and frequently caused by direct pressure upon the fibular tip region. Here, we describe a case of a 50-year-old male presenting with sudden foot drop, which had developed spontaneously. He was on oral anticoagulants due to hereditary thrombophilia (factor-V-Leiden). Neurophysiology examination revealed a common peroneal nerve lesion at the fibular tip. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a not further classifiable hyperintensity within the common peroneal nerve. Surgical exploration revealed a diffuse intraneural hematoma, which was not evacuated. During follow-up, the nerve function recovered almost completely. In retrospect, MRI findings indicated a hematoma supported by the history of anticoagulant medication.
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