Evaluation of antimicrobial effect of Malaysian geopropolis with Aloe vera against Enterococcus faecalis to be used as an intracanal medicament in endodontics

摘要

Introduction: Enterococcus faecaliscan befound in failed endodontictreatment (FET)even after performing primary endodontictreatment (PET). Calcium hydroxide(Ca(OH)2 )cannot fully eliminatethis microorganismduring PET. Brazilian green propolis (bee glue) was found to be moreeffectiveagainst E. faecalis when compared to Ca(OH)2 . Amuch less studied Malaysian geopropolis (MP)as wellas Aloevera (AV) isantibacterial but is unknown against E. faecalis. Objective: The objective ofthis study is to determinetheantimicrobialeffects ofMP, AV,and MP AVin comparisonwithCa(OH)2 against E. faecalis,asan intracanalmedicament. Materials andMethods: Antimicrobialactivity ofMP, AV, MP AV, Ca(OH)2 ,and dimethylsulfoxide was tested against E. faecalis using antimicrobialsensitivity testing, minimuminhibitory concentration (MIC),and minimumbactericidalconcentration (MBC). Theresults wereanalyzed byKruskal– Wallis test withMann–Whitney post hoctestand repeated measuresanalysis of variance withBonferroni post hoctest (P 0.05). Results: Foragar well-diffusion method, MP AVgave maximuminhibition zone diameter (mean: 8.11 ± 0.015 mm), MP (mean: 6.21 ± 0.046 mm, Ca(OH)2 (mean: 5.5 ± 0.006),and AV(mean: 5.05 ± 0.012) withP 0.05. MIC for MP AVwas 2 mg/ml, MP at 8 mg/ml, Ca(OH)2 at 8 mg/ml,and AVat 16 mg/ml. The MBC for MP AVisat 4 mg/ml, MP at 16 mg/ml, Ca(OH)2 at 16 mg/ml,and AVat 32 mg/ml. Conclusion: Thecombination ofMP and AVconsistently showed betterantimicrobialactivity compared to MP and AValoneagainst E. faecalis. Thefindings suggest that MP and AVused in combinationmay bean idealintracanalmedicament in FET and PET.