Objective To assess the diagnostic performance of breast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as a function of gadolinium contrast dose using a retrospective reader study. Material and Methods IRB approval was obtained prior to the start of this study and was HIPAA compliant. One‐hundred and fifty MR breast examinations were included that were acquired between January 2001 and December 2006. Seventy‐five patients received contrast doses (gadopentetate dimeglumine) by weight of 0.10?mmol/kg and 75 patients were imaged using fixed volumes of 20?ml. The images were assessed by two radiologists with performance calculated for each reader as well as a combined assessment. Dose response was measured by comparing performance between cases binned by dose: 0.10; and 0.13?mmol/kg. Statistical significance was calculated using a one‐sided Z ‐test for differences in proportions with interobserver agreement calculated using Cohen's kappa statistics. Results In the combined reader assessment with equivocal lesions classified as negative, sensitivity rose from 66% (19/29) to 92% (24/26, P ?0.01) and 95% (18/19, P ?0.01) with the specificity also increasing from 65% (32/49) to 87% (40/46, P ?0.01) and 86% (32/37, P =?0.01) corresponding to doses 0.10, 0.13?mmol/kg. With equivocal lesions classified as positive, sensitivity rose from 79% (23/29) to 92% (24/26, P ?0.10) and 95% (18/19, P ?0.10) Specificity also increased from 53% (26/49) to 72% (33/46, P ?0.05) and 70% (26/37, P =?0.05) with increasing dose. Interobserver agreement also improved at the higher doses.
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