Land surface models are excellent tools for studying how climate change and land use affect surface hydrology. However, in order to assess the impacts of Earth processes on river flows, simulated changes in runoff need to be routed through the landscape. In this technical note, we describe the integration of the Ecosystem Demography (ED2) model with a hydrological routing scheme. The purpose of the study was to create a tool capable of incorporating to hydrological predictions the terrestrial ecosystem responses to climate, carbon dioxide, and land-use change, as simulated with terrestrial biosphere models. The resulting ED2+R model calculates the lateral routing of surface and subsurface runoff resulting from the terrestrial biosphere models' vertical water balance in order to determine spatiotemporal patterns of river flows within the simulated region. We evaluated the ED2+R model in the Tapajós, a 476?674?km2 river basin in the southeastern Amazon, Brazil. The results showed that the integration of ED2 with the lateral routing scheme results in an adequate representation (Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency up to 0.76, Kling–Gupta efficiency up to 0.86, Pearson's R up to 0.88, and volume ratio up to 1.06) of daily to decadal river flow dynamics in the Tapajós. These results are a consistent step forward with respect to the no river representation common among terrestrial biosphere models, such as the initial version of ED2.
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机译：陆地表面模型是研究气候变化和土地利用程度如何影响表面水文的优秀工具。但是，为了评估地球流程对河流流程的影响，需要通过景观路由径流的模拟变化。在这本技术说明中，我们描述了生态系统人口统计学（ED2）模型与水文路由方案的集成。该研究的目的是创建一种能够将陆地生态系统对气候，二氧化碳和土地利用变化进行水文预测的工具，与地面生物圈模型的模拟。由此产生的ED2 + R模型计算由地面生物圈模型的垂直水平衡产生的表面和地下径流的横向路由，以便确定模拟区域内的河流流量的时空模式。我们在亚马逊东南部，巴西东南部的476升水河流域评估了ed2 + r型号。结果表明，ED2与横向路由方案的集成导致充分的表示（NASH-SUTCLIFFE效率高达0.76，Kling-GUPTA效率高达0.86，Pearson的R高达0.88，体积比高达1.06） Tapajós的Decadal River Flow Dynamics。这些结果是关于陆地生物圈模型中常见的No河流表示的一致步骤，例如ED2的初始版本。
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