Selective biliary cannulation is difficult to master, even in cases with normal papillae. 1 In the case of a papilla with a long oral protrusion (LOP), the difficulty is greatly increased. 2 In such cases, visualization of the invisible bile duct axis in 3 dimensions is required, but this is difficult to master, even for experienced endoscopists. Individual trainers must commit to developing their teaching skills 3 ; however, there is no dedicated teaching tool for this difficult task. Therefore, we developed a novel and simple teaching tool for visualizing the invisible bile duct axis in 3 dimensions, called the compact disc (CD) method.
展开▼