DISEASE PATTERNS

摘要

Communicable and gastrointestinal diseases followed by respiratory diseases are the main reasons of admission in medical ward of developing countries. This is different from the developed countries where non communicable diseases are the main reasons of hospital admission. In developing countries the data of hospital admission are still lacking. Therefore this study will help us to assess the common patterns of diseases admitted in a medical ward, the average length of hospital stay etc. Objective: The objectives of this study are to assess the patterns and prevalence of diseases, the most common diagnosis and average duration of patient's hospital stay. Design: Observational retrospective cross-sectional study. Patients and methods: The record of 327 hospitalized patients in medical ward was analyzed for the period of thirteen months from Mar 2013 to Mar 2014. Patient's medical records were retrieved and data analysis was done to obtain age, sex, common diagnosis, the affected system and the duration of the hospital stay. The data was analyzed by using SPSSV 16. Results: After reviewing the data, the most common age of patients being admitted were between 46-65 yrs (37.6%), followed by between 26-45yrs (33%), 85 yrs were only 1% . Among the admitted patients females were more than the males except in case of liver diseases. The most affected system was gastrointestinal ( 22.63 % ) and the most common diagnosis was Diabetes Mellitus (12.84 %). The next common system i nvolved was cardiovascular (15.29 %), respiratory (14.37 %), endocrine / DM (10.70 %), neurology (9.48 %), heamatology (3.36 %), renal (2.45 %) , rheumatology (1.84 %) and others ( including pyschiarty , poisoning, infectious , electric shock etc ) (5.81 %). The cause for hospital admission by infection in different system was (20.48%) The average duration of hospital stay of the patients was 4 days. Conclusions: The gastrointestinal diseases and the infectious diseases are the most common diseases. The communicable diseases still hold a greater position in developing countries, while non communicable diseases are main reasons for admission to the medical wards in developed countries.