Left unmitigated, climate change poses a catastrophic risk to human health, requiring an urgent and concerted response from every country. As the home to one fifth of the world’s population and the largest emitter of carbon dioxide globally, China’s interventions in climate change are of pivotal importance, both to human health and to the planet. Similar to other countries, climate change mitigation and adaptation would bring immense health benefits for China’s 1·4 billion people, and building these considerations into any COVID-19 recovery stra- tegy and the detailed pathway to fulfil the 2060 carbon neutrality pledge will ensure it improves human well- being, both now and in the future. Decisions made over the coming months and years will establish the course of climate change policy for decades to come.
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