By conducting opinion surveys among on-site railway personnel, the authors demonstrated that training about "processes" and raising awareness about how non-compliance of rules leads to accidents, is necessary in order to promote further rule compliance. On the basis of this result, three pedagogical tasks based on group discussion and four pedagogical tasks for hands-on experience were developed. Six educational programs combining these seven pedagogical tasks were trialed and the following findings were confirmed: satisfaction among trainees on the educational programs was high; attitudes to rule compliance among participants continued to improve even one month after the training; the extra workload and responsibility imposed on site managers tasked with conducting the training was within the limits of what was considered acceptable for their role.
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