As of today, Bitcoin suffers with restrictive transaction throughput of 3–7 transactions per sec and the transaction confirmation takes several min as bitcoin blockchain was designed with a block creation time of 10 min and each block is restricted with less blocksize for fast transmission. In this paper, we obtained the optimal transaction throughput for a Proof-of-Work (PoW) based longest chain rule blockchain network (called bitcoin protocol). This is done by modeling the delay diameter (D) and double spending attack in a Erd o ¨ s-R e ´ nyi random network topology as constraints. Through numerical results, it is shown that the throughput can be significatly improved without compromising the fairness of the network.
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