The relative contribution of cutaneous sensory feedback to interlimb strength transfer remains unexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relative contribution of cutaneous afferent pathways as a substrate for cross‐education by directly assessing how “enhanced” cutaneous stimulation alters ipsilateral and contralateral strength gains in the forearm. Twenty‐seven right‐handed participants were randomly assigned to 1‐of‐3 training groups and completed 6 sets of 8 repetitions 3x/week for 5?weeks. Voluntary training (TRAIN) included unilateral maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) of the wrist extensors. Cutaneous stimulation (STIM), a sham training condition, included cutaneous stimulation (2x radiating threshold; 3sec; 50Hz) of the superficial radial (SR) nerve at the wrist. TRAIN?+?STIM training included MVCs of the wrist extensors with simultaneous SR stimulation. Two pre‐ and one posttraining session assessed the relative increase in force output during MVCs of isometric wrist extension, wrist flexion, and handgrip. Maximal voluntary muscle activation was simultaneously recorded from the flexor and extensor carpi radialis. Cutaneous reflex pathways were evaluated through stimulation of the SR nerve during graded ipsilateral contractions. Results indicate TRAIN increased force output compared with STIM in both trained (85.0?±?6.2 Nm vs. 59.8?±?6.1?Nm) and untrained wrist extensors (73.9?±?3.5?Nm vs. 58.8?Nm). Providing ‘enhanced’ sensory input during training (TRAIN?+?STIM) also led to increases in strength in the trained limb compared with STIM (79.3?±?6.3?Nm vs. 59.8?±?6.1?Nm). However, in the untrained limb no difference occurred between TRAIN?+?STIM and STIM (63.0?±?3.7?Nm vs. 58.8?Nm). This suggests when ‘enhanced’ input was provided independent of timing with active muscle contraction, interlimb strength transfer to the untrained wrist extensors was blocked. This indicates that the sensory volley may have interfered with the integration of appropriate sensorimotor cues required to facilitate an interlimb transfer, highlighting the importance of appropriately timed cutaneous feedback.
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机译：皮肤感觉反馈对中间体强度转移的相对贡献仍未探索。因此，本研究旨在通过直接评估如何评估“增强的”皮肤刺激改变前臂中的同侧和对侧强度增益，确定皮肤传入途径作为跨教育底物的相对贡献。随机分配了二十七名右手参与者，为3个培训群体，完成了6套8个重复3倍/周5？周。自愿培训（火车）包括手腕伸肌的单侧最大自愿收缩（MVC）。皮肤刺激（SIT），假训练条件，包括皮肤刺激（2倍辐射阈值; 3SEC; 50Hz）在手腕上的浅层径向（SR）神经。火车？+？刺激训练包括带有同时SR刺激的腕部延伸的MVC。两个预测和一个过束缚会议评估了等距手腕延伸，腕屈曲和手柄MVC期间的力输出的相对增加。从屈肌和伸长型Carpi Radialis同时记录最大自愿肌肉激活。通过在分级同侧收缩期间通过刺激SR神经来评估皮肤反射途径。结果表明，与训练（85.0？±6.2nm±6.2nm）和未训练的腕部伸展剂（73.9？±3.5 = 58.8 = 58.8？3.5？nm vs. 58.8？3.5？nm vs. 58.8？nm）。在训练期间提供“增强的”感官输入（火车？+ + STOM）也导致训练有素的肢体的力量增加（79.3？±6.3？nm vs. 59.8？6.1？6.1？6.1？nm）。然而，在没有训练的肢体中，火车之间没有差异？+？甜点和刺激（63.0？±3.7？nm vs. 58.8？nm）。这表明当“增强的”输入与主动肌肉收缩无关，对未训练的腕部延伸器的间隔强度转移被阻断。这表明感官凌射可能干扰了所需的适当感官电流器提示的集成，以促进Interlimb传输，突出显示适当定时的皮肤反馈的重要性。
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