Bioaerosol Sampling at a Live Animal Market in Kunshan, China: A Noninvasive Approach for Detecting Emergent Viruses

摘要

Emerging zoonotic viruses have led to considerable human andanimal morbidity and mortality across China. Examples includethe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARSCoV),avian strains of influenza A virus (eg, H5N1, H7N9, andH9N2), and, most recently, the severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [1–4]. China is consideredan ideal environment for novel respiratory virus emergence, asdense populations of humans and livestock live in close proximity[5]. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic illustrates how quicklya local emerging zoonotic virus epidemic in humans can movethroughout the world [6]. Previous human infections with avianinfluenza viruses (AIVs), including H7N9, H5N1, H5N6, andH9N2 [1, 3, 7] in China have raised pandemic concerns. Manyof these human infections were associated with exposures at livebird markets (LBMs) [1, 2]. Although the provincial and localgovernment authorities in China have sometimes closed theLBMs after these human outbreaks, live poultry trading has graduallybeen permitted to return, as many Chinese people preferfresh poultry meat over processed poultry meat [8]. Althoughlarge cities in China have largely moved to processed poultry,much of the rest of China continues to sanction LBM activity.