Theoretical Studies of the Vibration Process of the Dryer for Waste of Food

摘要

An urgent problem is drying and processing of the wet dispersed waste, obtained in the production of food products, which can then be efficiently used as a fertiliser, for feeding livestock or as biofuel. A new design of a vibrating fluidised bed dryer has been developed, which, with low energy consumption, provides a pre-set productivity and the required final moisture content. The process of vertical oscillations of the body of a vibration dryer, together with the food waste contained in it, is analysed analytically, the necessary equivalent scheme is built, on the basis of which differential equations of the vertical oscillations of the body are compiled, their analytical solutions are obtained, and a numerical calculation is performed on a PC using the developed program. Rational parameters of the vibration dryer, providing vibroboiling of the mass of the food waste, have been determined: the body mass m = 250 ... 510 kg; the debalance mass m d = 10… 15 kg; the number of revolutions of the debalance electric motor n d = 1950 ... 2650 rpm ? min ?1 ; maximum stiffness of the support springs C p = 8 ?10 5 N?m –1 ; the diameter of the centre of mass of the debalances d d = 0.01 m. In addition, as a result of the thermophysical theoretical and experimental studies of the vibration drying process, the following optimal design and technological parameters of the vibration dryer were obtained: the heat transfer area S t.p.n = 4.15 m 2 ; the radius of the heating pipe r t = 0.1 m ; the length of the heating pipe l t = 3 m ; the number of heating pipes n t = 50 ; the heat transfer coefficient K p = 2500 ; the final temperature of the dried waste t o2 = 100 oС .