Incidence and Predictors of Congestive Heart Failure Among Hemodialysis Patients at Felege Hiote Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020: Retrospective Cohort Study

摘要

Background: Heart failure is the cumulative and progressive result of conditions that causestructural defects and functional abnormalities in the heart. It is affects at least 26 millionpeople worldwide and is increasing in prevalence especially among hemodialysis patientswith severe renal failure.Objective: To assess the incidence and predictors of congestive heart failure amonghemodialysis patients at Felege Hiote Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.Methods: This institutionally based retrospective cohort study was undertaken among 205hemodialysis patients of Felege Hiote Referral Hospital from January 1, 2016 to February29, 2020. All eligible hemodialysis patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were includedin the study. Data were entered using Epi-data Version 4.1 and analyzed using STATAVersion 14. The survival time of hemodialysis patients was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier survival curve, and the survival time between different categorical variables wascompared using the log rank test. Both bivariable and multivariable Cox-proportional hazardregression models were fitted to identify independent predictors of congestive heart failureamong hemodialysis patients.Results: Among a cohort of 205 hemodialysis patients at Felege Hiote Referral Hospital, 12(5.9%) developed congestive heart failure during the follow-up time. The overall congestiveheart failure incidence rate was 2.9 per 100 person-years (PY) with 95% CI. The total timeallotted to follow up the study participants was 4968 PY. Using multivariable Cox-regressionanalysis, we found that male sex, rural residence, no formal education, low body mass index(18.5), presence of comorbidity, and anemia during dialysis initiation significantlyincreased the risk of heart failure.Conclusion: In this study, we found a high rate of congestive heart failure among hemodialysis patients. Factors significantly linked with increased risk of heart failure includedmale sex, rural residence, no education, low body mass index (18.5), presence of comorbidity, and anemia during dialysis initiation. Early screening and treatment for heart failureare highly recommended at hemodialysis follow-up for patients with the above risk factors.