Serum Magnesium Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with and without Complication and its Correlation with Poor Glycaemic Control

摘要

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the most challenging health problem in the world. Understanding the pathogenesis, maintaining sugar levels and preventing its long term complications are still the major goals of research in diabetic patients. Emerging scientific evidences has disclosed relationship between serum magnesium concentration in patients of Type 2 DM (T2DM), its complications and poor glycaemic control. Hypomagnesemia may be a factor implicated in pathogenesis of poor glycaemic control and diabetic complications. Aim: The present study was undertaken to assess level of serum magnesium concentration in T2DM patients with and without complications and find out correlation between serum magnesium concentrations with glycaemic control. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted which included 150 cases divided into 3 groups. In group I, there were 50 normal healthy controls. In group II, 50 patients having DM type 2 without any complications and with good glycaemic control were included. In group III, 50 patients with DM type 2 with one or more chronic complications and having poor glycaemic control were selected. The significance of difference in serum magnesium concentration between all three groups was tested by One-way ANOVA test. Results: Statistically significant decrease was observed in magnesium concentration (with p-value 0.001) in Group III cases compared to Group I and Group II. There was a statically significant negative correlation between serum magnesium concentration and Fasting Blood Glucose (FBS), Postprandial 2 Hour Blood Sugar (PP2 BS) and HbA1c levels. Conclusion: Serum magnesium concentration was lower in patients with T2DM with complication (Among 56% in Group III compared to 26% in Groups II and 8% in Group I patients). Serum magnesium level and poor glycaemic control show a negative correlation. This indicates a key role of magnesium in metabolic derangement in diabetic patients, its glycaemic control and its complications.