EFFECTS OF MILK MARKETING CHANNELTYPES ON QUALITY MILK PRODUCTION AND PROFITABILITY OF SMALL-SCALE DAIRY FARMS REGARDS TO FOOD SECURITY IN TURKEY

摘要

The aim of this study is to demonstrate the impact of raw milk marketing channel types of small-scale dairy cattle farms on the quality milk production and economic efficiency,as well as on food security and rural development.Within the research,sixty small-scale farms,in total owning 120 head Holstein Friesian lactating cows,were selected and divided into subgroups based on their marketing channel types: (1) Marketing Channel I (MARKCHAN 1),in this marketing channel type,the milk produced is sold to the milk collection center daily,(2) Marketing Channel II (MARKCHAN II),in this marketing channel type,the producers sell the milk either as raw milk or in milk products.Milk samples were taken from the buckets of milk ten times on a monthly basis.The results demonstrated that 96.67% of the MARKCHAN I and 53.33% of the MARKCHAN II farms produced quality milk while the production rate of poor-quality milk was 3.33% for MARKCHAN I and 46.67% MARKCHAN II farms (P < 0.05),respectively.MARKCHAN I farms have less antibiotic residues in the milk than MARKCHAN II farms.The average somatic cell count,milk,fat,dry matter,protein,acidity and density were measured in MARKCHAN 1 and MARKCHAN II farms as 331608; 642964; 3.9867%,3.4600%; 12.5624%,10.8020%; 3.4847%,3.2433%; 6.5300,6.9747 (pH) and 1.0451, I.0298 (P < 0.05),respectively.In addition,the average number of lactating cows,lactation milk yield,annual profit per cow,milk sale price,total active capital and animal capital were measured in MARKCHAN 1 and MARKCHAN II farms as II.67,5.40 head; 5033,4301 kg; 788; 386 $US,0.47,0.42 $US; 91712,53282 $US and 21305,13284 $US (P < 0.05),respectively.All in all,MARKCHAN 1 farms marked safer and offered higher quality milk,they have a better milk composition and are economically more efficient,as well as in their capital structure (P < 0.05),compared to MARKCHAN II.