Introduction: It is very painful and anxious for children to undergo venous and injection procedures. Exposure of children to severe pain and anxiety can cause mental health problems. There are several ways to reduce pain during injection. In this study, we examine two pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods of reducing the severity of pain in children during injection. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review study, all Iranian articles published in Persian were searched in databases of Sid, Medlib, Google scholar, Magiran and Iran Medex with Persian keywords of pain control, vein taking, injection and thought diversion in children. Of the many obtained articles, 20 articles were reviewed. Results: In the evaluated studies, they had compared the pharmacological methods such as use of spelling cream and non-pharmacological methods such as thought deviation (music, bubble making, touch, acupressure, musical ball, injection on doll, massage, relaxation methods, respiratory exercises). Among them, the method of thought deviation was the most common method used for pain reduction during injection. Most of the reviewed studies reported that the use of non-pharmacological methods to reduce the feeling of pain in children has positive results. Conclusion: The results of studies showed that non-pharmacological methods have a greater effect on controlling children's pain during injection. Also, since non-pharmacological methods (thought deviation) are much less expensive and cost-effective than pharmaceutical methods (spelling cream), so different methods of thought deviation can be a good alternative to nonpharmaceutical methods such as spelling cream.
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