Lack of effect of exercise on the expressionprofiles of mir-16, mir-21, mir-155, caspase3and bcl2 in a rat model of focal cerebralischemia

摘要

Stroke is a major public health problem, with highmortality rates, and a high frequency of disability. Between 1990 and2010, stroke increased from the fifth to the third leading cause ofdisability. In addition, its incidence has increased among younger people,with severe health consequences and increased social costs. There isevidence that physical exercise promotes neuroprotective effects whenused as a therapeutic treatment. However, the mechanisms ofneuroprotection are not yet well known. The of the study wasto evaluate the expression profile of microRNAs miR-16, miR-21 andmiR-155 and the CASPASE-3 and Bcl-2 genes previously related toapoptosis in the tissue (ischemic focus). Forty-eight Wistar rats weredivided into four experimental groups: control group, ischemia group, exercise group and exercise + ischemia group. Before the ischemicprocedure, the animals in the exercise and exercise + ischemia groupswere submitted to a treadmill training protocol for four weeks. Thetraining lasted 30 min a day at a speed of 18 m / min. For real-time PCRanalysis, a fragment of the ischemic area was collected from each animalusing a punch to analyze the expression of miRNAs; miR16, miR-21,miR-155, CASPASE-3 and Bcl-2 genes. In the animals that had physicalexercise, there appeared to be a neuroprotective effect by the action ofmicroRNAs and CASPASE-3, although no significant difference wasobserved. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of apoptosismechanisms in cerebral ischemia associated with physical exercise, aswell as the role of microRNAs in the modulation of targets associatedwith this mechanism.