Abstract Background and study aims?Fluoroscopy-guided gastrointestinal procedures (FGPs) are increasingly common. However, the radiation exposure (RE) to patients undergoing FGPs is still unclear. We examined the actual RE of FGPs. Patients and methods?This retrospective, single-center cohort study included consecutive FGPs, including endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), interventional endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), enteral stenting, balloon-assisted enteroscopy, tube placement, endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS), esophageal balloon dilatation and repositioning for sigmoid volvulus, from September 2012 to June 2019. We measured the air kerma (AK, mGy), dose area product (DAP, Gycm2), and fluoroscopy time (FT, min) for each procedure. Results?In total, 3831 patients were enrolled. Overall, 2778 ERCPs were performed. The median AK, DAP, and FT were as follows: ERCP: 109?mGy, 13.3?Gycm2 and 10.0?min; self-expandable enteral stenting (SEMS): 62?mGy, 12.4?Gycm2 and 10.4?min; tube placement: 40?mGy, 13.8?Gycm2 and 11.1 min; balloon-assisted enteroscopy: 43?mGy, 22.4?Gycm2 and 18.2?min; EUS cyst drainage (EUS-CD): 96?mGy, 18.3?Gycm2 and 10.4?min; EIS: 36?mGy, 8.1?Gycm2 and 4.4?min; esophageal balloon dilatation: 9?mGy, 2.2?Gycm2 and 1.8?min; and repositioning for sigmoid volvulus: 7?mGy, 4.7?Gycm2 and 1.6?min. Conclusion?This large series reporting actual RE doses of various FGPs could serve as a reference for future prospective studies.
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