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A Century of Turbulent Cascades and the Emergence of Multifractal Operators

机译:一个世纪的动荡瀑布和多重术算子的出现

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A century of cascades and three decades of multifractals have built up a truly interdisciplinary framework that has enabled a new approach and understanding of nonlinear phenomena, in particular, in geophysics. Nevertheless, there seems to be a profound gap between the potentials of multifractals and their actual use. For instance, it seems ironic that multifractals have been mostly restricted to scalar‐valued fields, whereas cascades were first invoked for the wind velocity. We argue that this requires to proceed to new developments of the multifractal formalism and to the emergence of multifractal operators. This paper therefore aims to first simplify the introduction to the most recent developments based on the analysis and generation of multifractal fields with the help of the group property of the responses of a nonlinear system to a scale change. The generators of the multifractal operators are introduced with the help of symmetries as simple and basic as orthogonal rotations and mirror symmetries. This leads in a rather straightforward manner to the large class of Gauss–Clifford and Lévy–Clifford generators that combine a number of seductive properties, including universal statistical and robust algebraic properties. At the same time, we obtain new results on the entanglement of spherical and hyperbolic geometries, as well as on the existence of finite statistics of these cascades. Plain Language Summary It is already exceptional that a quatrain has been inspiring theoretical and empirical research for a century, furthermore on a fundamental question of mathematical physics. It is moreover ironic that we are only now becoming able to address the real content of this quatrain. But that is what this paper is about! The fundamental question is that the basic properties of the solutions of the fundamental equations of fluid mechanics remain unknown, although these equations were derived almost two centuries ago. Therefore, the observed, extreme variability of the wind velocity still remains a puzzle. The aforementioned quatrain pointed out a cascade mechanism of transfer of the velocity from large to small wind structures. The major step discussed in the paper is to elucidate this transfer for vector quantities like wind, which have directions as well as magnitude, whereas cascades have been developed so far for scalar quantities that have only magnitude and no direction. This step should have many far‐reaching, theoretical and practical impacts due the importance of vector quantities, in particular, the wind velocity. Furthermore, it should help us to answer to the longstanding, aforementioned fundamental question of mathematical physics.
机译:一个世纪的级联和三十年的多重分神座建立了一个真正的跨学科框架,它已经启用了一种新的方法和理解非线性现象,特别是在地球物理中。尽管如此,似乎在多重性的潜力和实际使用之间存在深刻的差距。例如,讽刺似乎是多法力主要限于标量的字段,而首先调用瀑布以用于风速。我们认为,这需要采取多分术形式主义的新发展以及多分术算子的出现。因此,本文旨在首先在非线性系统的响应对规模变化的响应的基础上,从分析和产生多重传球场的分析和生成来简化最新发展的引入。借助于对称性的帮助,多法移位算子的发电机是简单且基本的正交旋转和镜像对称的。这导致了与结合许多诱人性能的高斯-Clifford和Lévy-Clifford发电机相当简单的方式,包括通用统计和鲁棒代数特性。与此同时,我们在球形和双曲格式的缠结中获得了新的结​​果,以及这些级联的有限统计的存在。普通语言摘要已经让Quatrain令人振奋的是一个世纪的理论和实证研究,进一步是在数学物理学的基本问题上。它又是讽刺意味,我们现在只能能够解决这个Quatrain的真实内容。但这就是本文的关于!基本问题是流体力学基本方程解决方案的基本性质仍然未知,尽管近两世纪前这些方程式衍生出来。因此,观察到的风速的极端变异仍然是难题。上述Quatrain指出了从大到小风力结构的速度转移速率的级联机制。本文中讨论的主要步骤是阐明这种转移,用于像风一样具有方向和幅度的风向,而级联已经开发到仅具有幅度和没有方向的标量数量。这一步骤应该具有许多深远,理论和实际的影响,尤其是风速的重要性。此外,它应该有助于我们回答数学物理学的长期,上述基本问题。

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