The Role and Delicate Balance of Host Immunity inCoronavirus Disease-19

摘要

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) associated withSARS-CoV-2, causes a severe form of the respiratory illnessknown as Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19). COVID-19 hasemerged as a worldwide pandemic with a high number of fatalities.Approximately 112,654,202 people have been infected so far withthis disease which has led to the death of more than one point sevenmillion (2,496,749) till 24th Feb, 2021. Measures to counter thisdisease have led to a global economic slowdown. Multiple drugtrials are ongoing and several putative candidates for vaccinationagainst the virus have been approved and are in the pipeline. Manystudies have also characterized the immunological profile of patientsinfected with COVID-19. Some studies suggest that the severity ofthe COVID-19 infection is directly associated with the cytokinestorm. In this review, we aim to compile the available knowledgeand describe the nature of immune responses in patients infectedwith COVID-19 infection in different age groups, comorbidity,and immune-compromised state and their association with diseaseseverity.