This work was focused on carbonizing four tropical fruits shells wastes such as: coconut shells (CS), palmyra shells (PS), doum palm shells (DPS), whole fruit of doum palm (WFDP) and teak wood (TW) used as control. The aim was to investigate the potential of those biochar to be used as an alternative energy source in replacement o f charcoal. The raw biomasses samples were carbonized under the same conditions and some combustion characteristics of the obtained biochar such as lower calorific value, energy per unit volume associated to bulk density, ash content, moisture content and ash mineral content were investigated. The temperature in the furnace was estimated during carbonization process using a K-type thermocouple. The thermal profile of the studied raw biomasses reveals three phases of carbonization. The bio char yield drops significantly for all biomasses as the final maximum temperature increases. The average yields obtained ranged from 37.81 % for palmyra shells to 27.57 % for the doum palm shells. The highest yield achieved was 42.32 % obtained at 280 °C for palmyra shells, the lowest yield (24.42 %) was recorded at the highest maximum temperature of 590 ° C for doum p alm s hells. The results of energy parameters of the studied biochar showed that coconut shells charcoal presented the highest lower calorific value (28.059 MJ.kg -1 ), followed by doum palm shells (26.929 M J .kg -1 ) when, with 25.864 MJ.kg -1 , whole fruit of doum palm charcoal showed the lowest low er calorific value. Similarly, with the highest bulk density of 0.625 g/cm 3 coconut shells charcoal presented the highest energy per unit volume (17536.88 J /cm 3 ), whereas with the lowest bulk density of 0.415 g/cm 3 , whole fruit of doum palm charcoal presented the lowest energy per unit volume. The ash content analysis showed that whole fruit of doum palm had the highest ash content (18.75 %) and palmyra nut shells charcoal (8.42 %) . T eak wood charcoal , took as control, has the highest lower calorific value ( 32.163 MJ.kg -1 ), less dense as coconut shell (0.43 g/cm 3 ), his energy per unit of volume is 13830.09 j/cm 3 but t he lowest value of as content (2. 90 %). Among the se biomasses charcoals, only whole fruit of doum palm charcoal ash showed a high chlori d e and sulfide content respectively 9.73 % and 1.75 % in weight . From these results, the produced charcoals could be used as alternative fuels except for whole fruits of doum palm charcoal which chlori d e and sulf ide content were found high.
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机译：这项工作的重点是碳化四个热带水果壳废物，如：椰子壳（CS），Palmyra壳（PS），Doum Palm Bells（DPS），Doum Palm（WFDP）的整个果实和柚木木（TW）用作控制。目的是调查这些生物炭的潜力用作替代OF木炭中的替代能源。在相同的条件下碳化了原料生物量样品和所获得的生物炭的一些燃烧特性，例如较低的热值，每单位体积的能量，研究与堆积密度，灰分含量，水分含量和灰矿物质含量相关。使用K型热电偶在碳化过程中估计炉中的温度。所研究的原料生物量的热轮廓显示出三个阶段的碳化。由于最终的最高温度升高，所有生物质的生物炭产量显着降低。帕尔马拉壳的平均产量范围为37.81％，为Dou的棕榈壳的27.57％。达到的最高收率为42.32％，在280℃下获得Palmyra壳，最低收率（24.42％）在590°C的最高温度下记录为Dou的PALM的地狱。学习生物炭的能量参数结果表明，椰壳壳木炭呈现出最低的低热值（28.059 mJ.kg -1），其次是Doum Palm Shell（26.929 MJ .kg -1），25.864 mj.kg - 1，Doum Palm Charcoal的整个果实显示出最低的低电平热值。类似地，具有0.625g / cm 3的最高堆积密度，椰壳壳体呈现每单位体积的最高能量（17536.88 j / cm 3），而最低的堆积密度为0.415g / cm 3，整个Doum Palm Charcoal呈现每单位体积最低的能量。灰分含量分析表明，Doum Palm的整个果实含量最高（18.75％）和Palmyra坚果壳木炭（8.42％）。 T EAK木炭，作为控制，具有最高的热值（32.163 mJ.kg -1），较少茂密的椰子壳（0.43克/厘米3），其每单位体积的能量为13830.09 J / cm 3但是最低价值为内容（2. 90％）。在SE生物量的炭，只有Doum棕榈木炭灰的整个果实显现出高氯和硫化物含量为9.73％和1.75％的重量。从这些结果中，生产的木炭可以用作替代燃料，除了Doum Palm木炭的整个果实，氯d e和硫醚含量高。
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