Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has spread to 198 countries, with approximately 2.4 million confirmed cases and 150,000 deaths globally as of April 18. Frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) face a substantially higher risk of infection and death due to excessive COVID-19 exposure. This review aimed at summarizing the evidence of the physical and mental health impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on health-care workers (HCWs). We used the Arksey O Malley framework to conduct a scoping review. A systematic literature search was conducted using two databases: PubMed and Google Scholar. We found 154 studies, and out of which 10 met our criteria. We collected information on the date of publication, first author s country, the title of the article, study design, study population, intervention and outcome, and key findings, and divided all research articles into two domains: physical and mental health impact. We reviewed a total of 154 articles from PubMed (126) and Google Scholar (28), of which 58 were found to be duplicate articles and were excluded. Of the remaining 96 articles, 82 were excluded after screening for eligibility, and 4 articles did not have available full texts. Ten full-text articles were reviewed and included in this study. Our findings identified the following risk factors for COVID-19-related health impact: working in a high-risk department, diagnosed family member, inadequate hand hygiene, suboptimal hand hygiene before and after contact with patients, improper PPE use, close contact with patients ( 12 times/day), long daily contact hours ( 15 h), and unprotected exposure. The most common symptoms identified amongst HCWs were fever (85%), cough (70%), and weakness (70%). Prolonged PPE usage led to cutaneous manifestations and skin damage (97%), with the nasal bridge (83%) most commonly affected site. HCWs experienced high levels of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress. Female HCWs and nurses were disproportionately affected. The frontline healthcare workers are at risk of physical and mental consequences directly as the result of providing care to patients with COVID-19. Even though there are few intervention studies, early data suggest implementation strategies to reduce the chances of infections, shorter shift lengths, and mechanisms for mental health support could reduce the morbidity and mortality amongst HCWs.
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机译：冠状病毒疾病（Covid-19）大流行已经蔓延到198个国家，截至4月18日，大约240万个确诊案件和全球150,000人死亡。前线医疗保健工人（HCWS）由于Covid-19过度的感染和死亡而面临大幅提高的感染风险暴露。本综述旨在总结Covid-19大流行对医疗保健工作者（HCW）的身心健康影响的证据。我们使用Arksey O Malley Framework来进行范围审查。使用两个数据库进行系统文献搜索：PubMed和Google Scholar。我们发现了154项研究，其中超过10次符合我们的标准。我们收集了关于出版日期的信息，第一作者国家，文章的标题，研究设计，学习人口，干预和结果，以及关键发现，并将所有研究文章分为两个域：身心健康影响。我们审查了来自PubMed（126）和Google Scholar（28）的154篇文章，其中58个被发现是重复的文章，并被排除在外。在剩余的96篇文章中，82条被排除在筛选资格后，4篇文章没有可用的全文。在本研究中审查了十篇全文文章并纳入。我们的调查结果确定了Covid-19相关健康影响的以下风险因素：在高风险部门，诊断的家庭成员，手术卫生不足，与患者接触前后次优手卫生，不正确的PPE使用，与患者密切接触（12次/日），每日长时间（15小时），无保护暴露。 HCWS中鉴定的最常见的症状是发烧（85％），咳嗽（70％）和弱点（70％）。延长的PPE使用导致皮肤表现和皮肤损伤（97％），鼻桥（83％）最常见的遗址。 HCWS经历了高水平的抑郁症，焦虑，失眠和痛苦。女性HCW和护士不成比例地受到影响。前线医疗保健工人因提供Covid-19患者提供护理而直接的身体和心理后果的风险。即使干预研究很少，早期数据表明，减少感染机会的实施策略，较短的班次，心理健康支持的机制可以降低HCW之间的发病率和死亡机制。
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