Detection of water vapour absorption around 363?nm in measured atmospheric absorption spectra and its effect on DOAS evaluations

摘要

Water vapour is known to absorb radiation from the microwave region to the blue part of the visible spectrum with decreasing efficiency. Ab initio approaches to model individual absorption lines of the gaseous water molecule predict absorption lines up to its dissociation limit at 243?nm.We present the first evidence of water vapour absorption near 363?nm from field measurements using data from multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) and long-path (LP)-DOAS measurements. The identification of the absorptions was based on the recent POKAZATEL line list by Polyansky et?al. (2017). For MAX-DOAS measurements, we observed absorption by water vapour in an absorption band around 363?nm with optical depths of up to 2?×?10?3. The retrieved column densities from 2?months of measurement data and more than 2000 individual observations at different latitudes correlate well with simultaneously measured well-established water vapour absorptions in the blue spectral range from 452 to 499?nm (R2?=?0.89), but the line intensities at around 363?nm are underestimated by a factor of 2.6??±??0.5 by the ab initio model. At a spectral resolution of 0.5?nm, we derive a maximum cross section value of 2.7?×?10?27?cm2?molec?1 at 362.3?nm. The results were independent of the used literature absorption cross section of the O4 absorption, which overlays this water vapour absorption band. Also water vapour absorption around 376?nm was identified. Below 360?nm no water vapour absorption above 1.4?×?10?26?cm2?molec?1 was observed. The newly found absorption can have a significant impact on the spectral retrievals of absorbing trace-gas species in the spectral range around 363?nm. Its effect on the spectral analysis of O4, HONO and OClO is discussed.