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Observations of atmospheric chemical deposition to high Arctic snow

机译:高北极雪大气化学沉积观察

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Rapidly rising temperatures and loss of snow and ice cover have demonstrated the unique vulnerability of the high Arctic to climate change. There are major uncertainties in modelling the chemical depositional and scavenging processes of Arctic snow. To that end, fresh snow samples collected on average every 4 days at Alert, Nunavut, from September 2014 to June 2015 were analyzed for black carbon, major ions, and metals, and their concentrations and fluxes were reported. Comparison with simultaneous measurements of atmospheric aerosol mass loadings yields effective deposition velocities that encompass all processes by which the atmospheric species are transferred to the snow. It is inferred from these values that dry deposition is the dominant removal mechanism for several compounds over the winter while wet deposition increased in importance in the fall and spring, possibly due to enhanced scavenging by mixed-phase clouds. Black carbon aerosol was the least efficiently deposited species to the snow.
机译:快速上升的温度和雪和冰盖的丧失已经证明了高北极对气候变化的独特脆弱性。建模化学沉积和北极雪的清除过程存在重大不确定性。为此,分析了2014年9月至2015年6月平均每4天收集的新鲜雪样,每4天收集每4天到2015年6月,为黑碳,主要离子和金属,并报道了它们的浓度和助剂。与大气气溶胶批量载量同时测量的比较产生了有效的沉积速度,包括大气物种转移到雪中的所有过程。从这些值推断出干沉积是冬季几种化合物的主要去除机制,而湿沉积在秋季和弹簧中的重要性增加,可能是由于混合相云增强了清除。黑碳气溶胶是最不有效地沉积在雪中的物种。
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